See ryngen in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Communication",
"orig": "enm:Communication",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "ring"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "ring"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "ring"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "ring"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "ryng"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "to resound"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "hringan",
"4": "hrinġan",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old English hrinġan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "hringan",
"4": "hrinġan"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old English hrinġan",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*hringijan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *hringijan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hringijaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hringijaną",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English hrinġan (weak class 1), from Proto-West Germanic *hringijan, from Proto-Germanic *hringijaną.\nThe pronunciation with /ɡ/ is due to levelling from the Old English past tense hringde, while the inflection as a strong class 3 verb is from analogy with verbs such as singen and spryngen.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ryngeth",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ryngynge",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "rong",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rongen",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "enm-conj-st",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "3",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "ryngen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "to ryngen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "rynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "rynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rong",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rang",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ryngest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ronge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "range",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ryngeth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rong",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rang",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "ronge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "range",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "rynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ryngen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "rynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "rongen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ronge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rangen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "range",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ryngeth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "rynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ryngynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ryngende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "rongen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ronge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "yrongen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "yronge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ringe",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "ringen",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "ringue",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "rynge",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "ryngyn",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "ringenn",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Ormulum"
]
},
{
"form": "ryng",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "ryngen",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ryngeth",
"2": "ryngynge",
"3": "rong",
"4": "rongen"
},
"expansion": "ryngen (third-person singular simple present ryngeth, present participle ryngynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative rong, past participle rongen)",
"name": "enm-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ryng",
"2": "rong",
"2a": "rang",
"3": "rong",
"3a": "rang",
"4": "rong",
"c": "3",
"y": "2"
},
"name": "enm-conj-st"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "13 13 13 13 18 13 16",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Sounds",
"orig": "enm:Sounds",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
82,
87
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
86,
90
]
],
"english": "And with that word, / the arrows in the quiver / of the goddess / quickly clatter and ring […]",
"ref": "1387–1400, [Geoffrey] Chaucer, “The Knẏghtes Tale”, in The Tales of Caunt́bury (Hengwrt Chaucer; Peniarth Manuscript 392D), Aberystwyth, Ceredigion: National Library of Wales, published [c. 1400–1410], →OCLC, folio 31, verso:",
"text": "And wıth that woꝛd / the Arwes ın the Caas / Of the goddeſſe / clateren faſte and rẏnge […]",
"translation": "And with that word, / the arrows in the quiver / of the goddess / quickly clatter and ring […]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To ring (resound like a bell)"
],
"id": "en-ryngen-enm-verb-q~JmG9vM",
"links": [
[
"ring",
"ring"
],
[
"resound",
"resound#English"
],
[
"bell",
"bell#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To ring (resound like a bell):"
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "13 13 13 13 18 13 16",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Sounds",
"orig": "enm:Sounds",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To ring (resound like a bell):",
"To be filled with ringing or reverberation."
],
"id": "en-ryngen-enm-verb-dsa1ONKu",
"links": [
[
"ring",
"ring"
],
[
"resound",
"resound#English"
],
[
"bell",
"bell#English"
],
[
"fill",
"fill"
],
[
"ringing",
"ringing"
],
[
"reverberation",
"reverberation"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To ring (resound like a bell):",
"To be filled with ringing or reverberation."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "13 13 13 13 18 13 16",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Sounds",
"orig": "enm:Sounds",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To ring (resound like a bell):",
"To echo or reverberate throughout."
],
"id": "en-ryngen-enm-verb-dtnSJUBQ",
"links": [
[
"ring",
"ring"
],
[
"resound",
"resound#English"
],
[
"bell",
"bell#English"
],
[
"echo",
"echo"
],
[
"reverberate",
"reverberate"
],
[
"throughout",
"throughout"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To ring (resound like a bell):",
"To echo or reverberate throughout."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "10 11 12 28 18 11 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 9 9 44 10 9 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 8 8 50 9 8 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 13 13 13 18 13 16",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Sounds",
"orig": "enm:Sounds",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To ring (resound like a bell):",
"To be signalled or announced with ringing."
],
"id": "en-ryngen-enm-verb-tZHDQY9u",
"links": [
[
"ring",
"ring"
],
[
"resound",
"resound#English"
],
[
"bell",
"bell#English"
],
[
"signal",
"signal"
],
[
"announce",
"announce"
],
[
"ring",
"ring"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To ring (resound like a bell):",
"(rare) To be signalled or announced with ringing."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "10 11 13 18 26 11 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English links with redundant target parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 13 13 13 18 13 16",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Sounds",
"orig": "enm:Sounds",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To ring (cause to resound like a bell):",
"To produce a sound by ringing."
],
"id": "en-ryngen-enm-verb-dPQYatDK",
"links": [
[
"ring",
"ring"
],
[
"cause",
"cause#English"
],
[
"resound",
"resound#English"
],
[
"bell",
"bell#English"
],
[
"produce",
"produce"
],
[
"sound",
"sound"
],
[
"ring",
"ring"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(usually transitive) To ring (cause to resound like a bell):",
"To produce a sound by ringing."
],
"tags": [
"transitive",
"usually"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "13 13 13 13 18 13 16",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Sounds",
"orig": "enm:Sounds",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To ring (cause to resound like a bell):",
"To signal or announce with ringing."
],
"id": "en-ryngen-enm-verb-0nY2WD~O",
"links": [
[
"ring",
"ring"
],
[
"cause",
"cause#English"
],
[
"resound",
"resound#English"
],
[
"bell",
"bell#English"
],
[
"signal",
"signal"
],
[
"announce",
"announce"
],
[
"ring",
"ring"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(usually transitive) To ring (cause to resound like a bell):",
"To signal or announce with ringing."
],
"tags": [
"transitive",
"usually"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "13 13 13 13 18 13 16",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Sounds",
"orig": "enm:Sounds",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To ring (cause to resound like a bell):",
"To disclose, announce, or proclaim."
],
"id": "en-ryngen-enm-verb-Ic8oyW7n",
"links": [
[
"ring",
"ring"
],
[
"cause",
"cause#English"
],
[
"resound",
"resound#English"
],
[
"bell",
"bell#English"
],
[
"disclose",
"disclose"
],
[
"announce",
"announce"
],
[
"proclaim",
"proclaim"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(usually transitive) To ring (cause to resound like a bell):",
"(figuratively) To disclose, announce, or proclaim."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"transitive",
"usually"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈrinɡən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈriːnɡən/"
}
],
"word": "ryngen"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English class 3 strong verbs",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English verbs",
"Old English links with redundant target parameters",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Communication",
"enm:Sounds"
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "ring"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "ring"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "ring"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "ring"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "ryng"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "to resound"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "hringan",
"4": "hrinġan",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old English hrinġan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "hringan",
"4": "hrinġan"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old English hrinġan",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*hringijan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *hringijan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hringijaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hringijaną",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English hrinġan (weak class 1), from Proto-West Germanic *hringijan, from Proto-Germanic *hringijaną.\nThe pronunciation with /ɡ/ is due to levelling from the Old English past tense hringde, while the inflection as a strong class 3 verb is from analogy with verbs such as singen and spryngen.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ryngeth",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ryngynge",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "rong",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rongen",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "enm-conj-st",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "3",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "ryngen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "to ryngen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "rynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "rynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rong",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rang",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ryngest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ronge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "range",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ryngeth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rong",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rang",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "ronge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "range",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "rynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ryngen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "rynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "rongen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ronge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rangen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "range",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ryngeth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "rynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ryngynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ryngende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "rongen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ronge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "yrongen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "yronge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ringe",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "ringen",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "ringue",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "rynge",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "ryngyn",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "ringenn",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Ormulum"
]
},
{
"form": "ryng",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "ryngen",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ryngeth",
"2": "ryngynge",
"3": "rong",
"4": "rongen"
},
"expansion": "ryngen (third-person singular simple present ryngeth, present participle ryngynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative rong, past participle rongen)",
"name": "enm-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ryng",
"2": "rong",
"2a": "rang",
"3": "rong",
"3a": "rang",
"4": "rong",
"c": "3",
"y": "2"
},
"name": "enm-conj-st"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Middle English intransitive verbs",
"Middle English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
82,
87
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
86,
90
]
],
"english": "And with that word, / the arrows in the quiver / of the goddess / quickly clatter and ring […]",
"ref": "1387–1400, [Geoffrey] Chaucer, “The Knẏghtes Tale”, in The Tales of Caunt́bury (Hengwrt Chaucer; Peniarth Manuscript 392D), Aberystwyth, Ceredigion: National Library of Wales, published [c. 1400–1410], →OCLC, folio 31, verso:",
"text": "And wıth that woꝛd / the Arwes ın the Caas / Of the goddeſſe / clateren faſte and rẏnge […]",
"translation": "And with that word, / the arrows in the quiver / of the goddess / quickly clatter and ring […]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To ring (resound like a bell)"
],
"links": [
[
"ring",
"ring"
],
[
"resound",
"resound#English"
],
[
"bell",
"bell#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To ring (resound like a bell):"
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English intransitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To ring (resound like a bell):",
"To be filled with ringing or reverberation."
],
"links": [
[
"ring",
"ring"
],
[
"resound",
"resound#English"
],
[
"bell",
"bell#English"
],
[
"fill",
"fill"
],
[
"ringing",
"ringing"
],
[
"reverberation",
"reverberation"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To ring (resound like a bell):",
"To be filled with ringing or reverberation."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English intransitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To ring (resound like a bell):",
"To echo or reverberate throughout."
],
"links": [
[
"ring",
"ring"
],
[
"resound",
"resound#English"
],
[
"bell",
"bell#English"
],
[
"echo",
"echo"
],
[
"reverberate",
"reverberate"
],
[
"throughout",
"throughout"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To ring (resound like a bell):",
"To echo or reverberate throughout."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English intransitive verbs",
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"To ring (resound like a bell):",
"To be signalled or announced with ringing."
],
"links": [
[
"ring",
"ring"
],
[
"resound",
"resound#English"
],
[
"bell",
"bell#English"
],
[
"signal",
"signal"
],
[
"announce",
"announce"
],
[
"ring",
"ring"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To ring (resound like a bell):",
"(rare) To be signalled or announced with ringing."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To ring (cause to resound like a bell):",
"To produce a sound by ringing."
],
"links": [
[
"ring",
"ring"
],
[
"cause",
"cause#English"
],
[
"resound",
"resound#English"
],
[
"bell",
"bell#English"
],
[
"produce",
"produce"
],
[
"sound",
"sound"
],
[
"ring",
"ring"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(usually transitive) To ring (cause to resound like a bell):",
"To produce a sound by ringing."
],
"tags": [
"transitive",
"usually"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To ring (cause to resound like a bell):",
"To signal or announce with ringing."
],
"links": [
[
"ring",
"ring"
],
[
"cause",
"cause#English"
],
[
"resound",
"resound#English"
],
[
"bell",
"bell#English"
],
[
"signal",
"signal"
],
[
"announce",
"announce"
],
[
"ring",
"ring"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(usually transitive) To ring (cause to resound like a bell):",
"To signal or announce with ringing."
],
"tags": [
"transitive",
"usually"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To ring (cause to resound like a bell):",
"To disclose, announce, or proclaim."
],
"links": [
[
"ring",
"ring"
],
[
"cause",
"cause#English"
],
[
"resound",
"resound#English"
],
[
"bell",
"bell#English"
],
[
"disclose",
"disclose"
],
[
"announce",
"announce"
],
[
"proclaim",
"proclaim"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(usually transitive) To ring (cause to resound like a bell):",
"(figuratively) To disclose, announce, or proclaim."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"transitive",
"usually"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈrinɡən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈriːnɡən/"
}
],
"word": "ryngen"
}
Download raw JSONL data for ryngen meaning in Middle English (10.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (ccec6f1 and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.